ExtraBase - by Le Nogueira: P/ Prepositions

Showing posts with label P/ Prepositions. Show all posts

GOOD AT ENGLISH or GOOD IN ENGLISH? (Which one is it?!)

activities 01 and 02

LITTLE BIG — I'M OK (official music video)

''Bye bye, Teacher... See you ___ book four!''

source: englishexperts.com.br/forum

Se eu quisesse dizer:
''Bye bye, teacher...
See you ___ book four!''

In part the problem is with the use of prepositions, and in part it's with the use of "Book Four" instead of something like "Class Four", "Semester Four" or "Fourth Semester". Had Book Four not been used, "in" would have been fine.

(1) ''Bye bye teacher, see you on Book Four!''
= Tchau, teacher, vou te ver (te verei) sentado/deitado/de pé no Livro Quatro.
(2) 'Bye bye teacher, see you in Book Four!''
= Tchau, teacher, vou te ver (te verei) nas págimas do Livro Quatro.
(3) 'Bye bye teacher, see you at Book Four!''
= Tchau, teacher, vou te ver (te verei) quando chegarmos ao Livro Quatro.

Phrase (1) gives the idea that the speaker is going to see
the teacher with Book Four under some part of the teacher's body.
Phrase (2) gives the idea that the speaker is going to see
the teacher inside Book Four, perhaps on one of its pages.
Phrase (3) gives the idea that when the speaker
reaches/arrives at Book Four, he will see the teacher.

If something or someone is on a book, the book is under that thing or person. (The photo is on the book. = The title of the book is on the cover of the book, not inside the book on a page. It could also mean that the thing or person appears in a photo on the cover or "dust jacket" of the book.)
If something or someone is in a book, the book has that thing or person inside. (The photo is in the book. = The photo is on a page in the book. It could also mean that the book mentions the thing or person.)
If someone is at a book, the phrase refers to his location. He is not in the kitchen, not at the store, not at home. He is nowhere else but at the book. Another possibility is that the person has been reading several books, and he is currently reading (has reached) a specific book.

A possible joke could be "Bye bye, Wizard. See you when we crack open Book Four!" (to crack open = a slang expression meaning "to open for the first time". "I have an exam on Monday and I must crack (open) the books tonight." "Let's crack open a case of beer and watch a game tonight.")

Before starting this explanation, why didn't I read first the date the query was posted?

OPEN YOUR BOOKS TO/AT

“Open your books to page… ”
é muito mais comum no inglês americano.
“Open your books at page…”
é muito mais comum no inglês britânico.
“Open your books on page…”
não é muito comum, mas há algumas ocorrências pelo mundo.
source: inglesnapontadalingua.com.br
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"I am North American and I have only heard

'Open your books to page xx' ".

Of all choices, the one that is just plain wrong here is in.

Spatially, in would be inside. Something could be printed in a box on the page, but not in the page. The page is one of many pages in the book.

On is upon, that is, touching the face of the page. The ink and all its patterns (text, pictures, diagrams, etc.) are on the page.

"At the page" is the place within the book where you are ready to begin reading the specified page. You may place a bookmark there at page x where you will begin reading page x when you come back to the bookmark.

If you have already read some of page x and have to stop reading, then you have stopped reading on page x.

If you begin reading at page x and stop reading at page y, then you have read from page x to page y. If you don't stop until after reading page y too, you have read through page y.

You can navigate the book by turning a page at a time until you are at page x, or you can just open the book directly so as to be at page x. Either way, we Americans say you have turned to page x. Apparently at has more of a static meaning to Americans. To reach the page you are at in the book, you must have navigated to that page somehow. You may have flipped to page x, turned to page x, or, with the help of thumb tabs, just opened to page x."
source: wordreference

looking FORWARD TO

If you want something,
if you really really want it,
you are anxious for it!
You are looking forward to it.

If you want to understand this expression,
I suppose you are looking forward to some examples...
_________________________________________________

Sometimes we are looking FORWARD TO something in the future

I'm looking forward to the next holiday. = I really really want it!
The kids are looking forward to Christmas. = They really really want it!
You probably are looking forward to more examples...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRykOUC2VRqBcfMmmIzahyphenhyphennIOAXZ3RR7L7UMePGeho_dPrbTUSZEijIMTuFMuHWTucR2-gt_MOjorNVTMH1lK_-gP6VJMPQ9P1b_ww0vZVAbK6SyTW5j155ARaDjtyrDP1hSDsThnHGytT/s200/christmas-present.jpg

Sometimes we are
looking FORWARD TO DOING sth. in the future.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I'm looking forward to traveling next holiday.
The kids are looking forward to receiving their christmas gifts.

__________________________________

I'm looking forward to seeing your homeworks.

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forum case
HOE U1 Lang.Practice 5

UP!

adverb

from a lower to a higher place; away from or out of the ground
off the ground, or from a position below to one at the surface of the earth or water
in a direction or place thought of as higher or above
above the horizon
to a later period: from childhood up
to a higher or better condition or station: Our spirits went up
to a higher amount, greater degree, etc.: with prices going up
in or into a standing or upright position
into existence, evidence, consideration etc.: draw up a will, to bring a matter up
into an excited or troubled state: to get worked up, stir up, rouse up
aside; away; by: lay up grain for the winter
so as to be even with in space, time, degree, etc.: keep up with the times
completely; entirely; thoroughly: eat up the pie, drank it up in a gulp, fastened up the coat
apart; into pieces: tore it up, chop it up, divide it up.
so as to stop: to rein up a horse
â˜† Informal served without ice cubes; not on the rocks: said of a cocktail
used with verbs:
1. to form idiomatic combinations with a meaning different from the meaning of the simple verbs: look up this word; he didn't turn up
2. as an intensive: dress up, eat up, clean up
3. as a virtually meaningless element added, esp. informally, to almost any verb: light up a cigarette, write up a story

(...)
____________________________________________________________________________

adjective

Being above a former position or level; higher: My grades are up. The pressure is up.
a. Out of bed: was up by seven.

b. Standing; erect.

c. Facing upward: two cards up, one down; the up side of a tossed coin.
Raised; lifted: a switch in the up position.
Moving or directed upward: an up elevator.
a. Marked by increased excitement or agitation; aroused: Our fighting spirit was up.

b. Informal Cheerful; optimistic; upbeat.

c. Slang Happily excited; euphoric: After receiving the award, the performer was really up.
Informal Taking place; going on: wondered what was up back home.
Being considered; under study: a contract that is up for renewal.
Running as a candidate.
Having been finished; over: Your time is up.
Informal
a. Prepared; ready: had to be up for the game.

b. Well informed; abreast: not up on sports.
Functioning or capable of functioning normally; operational: Their computers are now up.

(...)

____________________________________________________________________________

preposition

From a lower to or toward a higher point on: up the hill.
Toward or at a point farther along: two miles up the road.
In a direction toward the source of: up the Mississippi.
Nautical Against: up the wind.

____________________________________________________________________________noun

An upward slope; a rise.
An upward movement or trend.
Slang A feeling of excitement or euphoria.

____________________________________________________________________________

verb [ upped upped, upÂ·ping, ups ]

transitive

To increase: upped their fees; upping our output.
To raise to a higher level, especially to promote to a higher position.
Nautical To raise: up anchor; up sail.

intransitive

To get up; rise.
Informal To act suddenly or unexpectedly: “She upped and perjured her immortal soul” (Margery Allingham).

____________________________________________________________________________

» Up = movimento de subir, erguer, elevar...

The boy climbed up the tree. (O menino subiu na árvore.)

» Up = estar em um local alto

The balloon is up. (O balão está no céu.)

» Up = estar em algum local mais para frente...

Her house is five blocks up this street. (A casa dela fica umas cinco quadras aí para a frente.)

» Up = ir contra a correnteza de um rio, riacho, igarapé, etc.

He had to swim up the river . (Ele teve de nadar contra a correnteza.)

» Up faz parte de inúmeros phrasal verbs em inglês (alguns já apareceram acima)

Pick up your clothes and put them away. (Junte suas roupas e coloque-as no armário.)
You need to hurry up or you’ll miss the plane. (Você precisa se apressar ou perderá o voo.)
Cheer up! It’s not that bad. (Anime-se! Não está tão ruim assim.)
Police have turned up some new evidence. (A polícia descobriu novas evidências.)
They got held up at the office and missed the show. (Eles ficaram enrolados no escritório e perderam a apresentação.)
It seem she made up the whole story. (Parece que ela inventou a história todinha.)
What time do you usually get up? (Que hora você costuma sair da cama?)
Buckle up! (Coloque o cinto de segurança!)
Sign up now! (Registre-se agora! Inscreva-se agora! Matricule-se agora!)

» Up faz parte de inúmeras expressões em inglês

the ups and downs (os altos e baixos)
What’ve you been up to? (O que você anda fazendo? | O que você anda aprontando?)
It’s up to you. (Você que sabe.)
He’s up to no good. (Ele está tramando alguma coisa.)
up and coming (promissor, algo novo e que tem um bom futuro pela frente)
Time’s up! (Acabou o tempo.)
Up yours! (vai tomar no c*/r*bo! | Enfia no c*/r*abo!)

source: inglesnapontadalingua.com.br/up
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up - Phrases/Idioms

In addition to the idioms beginning with up, also see act up; add up; add up to; all shook up; all up; ante up; back up; ball up; bang up; bark up the wrong tree; bear up; beat up; beef up; bid up; blow up; bob up; bone up; boot up; bottle up; bound up in; brace up; break up; bring up; bring up the rear; bring up to date; brush up; buckle up; buck up; buddy up; build up; bump up; burn up; butter up; button up; buy up; call up; camp it up; card up one's sleeve; catch up; chalk up; charge up; chat up; cheer up; choke up; choose up; clam up; clean up; clear up; clock up; close up; cloud over (up); come (up) from behind; come up; come up against; come up roses; come up with; cook up; cough up; cover up; cozy up; cracked up; crack up; crank up; crap up; creep up on; crop up; cross up; curl up; cut up; dead from the neck up; dig up; doll up; double up; do up; draw up; dream up; dress up; drum up; dry up; ease off (up); eat out (someone up); eat up; end up; face up to; fed to the gills (up); feel up; feel up to; figure up; fire up; fit out (up); fix up; fix up with; flare up; fold up; follow up; foul up; from the ground up; fuck up; game is up; gang up; gas up; get someone's back up; get up; get up on the wrong side of bed; get up steam; give oneself up; give up; give up the ghost; go belly up; goof up; go up; go up in flames; grow up; gum up; ham up; hands up; hang up; hard up; haul up; have had it (up to here); heads up; head up; heat up; hit up; hold one's end up; hold one's head high (up); hold up; hole up; hook up; hopped up; hurry up and wait; hush up; jack up; jazz up; juice up; keep it up; keep one's chin up; keep (someone) up; key up; kick up; kick up a fuss; kick up one's heels; kiss and make up; knock up; laid up; land in (up); lap up; lark it up; laugh up one's sleeve; lay in (up); lead down (up) the garden path; lead up to; leg up; let up; lighten up; light up; line up; live it up; live up to; lock up; look over (up and down); look up; louse up; make up; make up for lost time; make up one's mind; make up to; mark up; measure up; meet up with; mess up; mix it up; mix up; mop up; mop up the floor with; move up; muck up; not all it's cracked up to be; number's up; one up; on the up-and-up; open up; own up; pair off (up); pass up; patch up; pay up; pep someone up; perk up; pick up; pick up on; pile up; pipe up; play up; play up to; pluck up; point up; pony up; pop up; prick up one's ears; psych up; pull oneself up; pull up; pull up stakes; pump up; push up daisies; put one's feet up; put someone up to; put up; put-up job; put up or shut up; put up with; rack up; rake up; read up; rev up; ride up; right-side up; right up one's alley; ring up; roll up; roll up one's sleeves; rough up; round up; rub up on; run (up) against; run up; rustle up; save up for; scare up; scrape up an acquaintance; screw up; scrounge around (up); scrub up; seal off (up); seize up; send up; serve up; settle up; set up; set up housekeeping; sew up; shack up; shake up; shape up; shine up to; shoot up; shore up; shot up; show up; shut up; sign up; sit up; sit up and take notice; size up; slip up; slow up; smell up; snap up; soak up; soften up; somebody up there loves me; speak out (up); speed up; spit up; spruce up; square up; stack up; stand up; stand up and be counted; stand up for; stand up to; stand up with; start up; steamed up; step up; stick up; stir up; stir up a hornets' nest; stop up; straighten up; straight up; string up; suck up to; suit up; sum up; take up; take up a collection; take up arms; take up for; take up on; take up space; take up where one left off; take up with; talk up; tank up; team up with; think up; throw up; throw up one's hands; thumbs up; tie up; time is up; tone down (up); tool up; (up) to the hilt; touch up; trade down (up); trial balloon, send up a; trip up; trump up; tune up; turn up; turn up one's nose; turn up one's toes; turn up the heat; turn up trumps; wait up; wake-up call; warm up; wash up; what's cooking (up); what's (up) with; whip up; whoop it up; wind up; wise up; worked up; work one's way (up); work up; wrapped up; wrap up; write up. Also see under upper.

up to

occupied with; doing; scheming; devising up to no good
equal to (a task, challenge, etc.); capable of (doing, undertaking, etc.)
as many as up to four may play
as far as up to now, up to his hips
dependent upon; incumbent upon entirely up to her

the reason FOR our confusions:

After reason, use the preposition for, not of:

✗ The main ~~reason of~~ poverty is unemployment.
✓ The main reason for poverty is unemployment.
✗ A doctor can’t operate if he doesn’t know the ~~reason of~~ the illness.
✓ A doctor can’t operate if he doesn’t know the reason for the illness.

source: macmillandictionaryblog.com/language-tip-of-the-week

Beyond

beyond
preposition
1 beyond the trees: on the far side of, on the other side of, further away than, behind, past, after, over.
2 inflation beyond 10 percent: greater than, more than, exceeding, in excess of, above, over and above, above and beyond, upwards of.
3 little beyond food was provided: apart from, except, other than, besides; informal outside of; formal save.